From: Congressional Research Service
Kristin Finklea, Specialist in Domestic Security
Criminals and other malicious actors increasingly rely on the Internet and rapidly evolving technology to further their operations. They exploit cyberspace, where they can mask their identities and motivations. In this context, criminals can compromise financial assets, hactivists can flood websites with traffic—effectively shutting them down, and spies can steal intellectual property and government secrets.
When such cyber incidents occur, a number of issues arise, including how the government will react and which agencies will respond. These issues have been raised following a number of high profile breaches such as those against the U.S. Office of Personnel Management. Federal law enforcement has the principal role in investigating and attributing these incidents to specific perpetrators, and this responsibility has been codified within the broader framework of federal cyber incident response.
Presidential Policy Directive (PPD) on U.S. Cyber Incident Coordination
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