For decades there has been a controversy within the regulatory community as to whether “independent” agencies should remain independent. In terms of the economic formulation and evaluation of regulations independent agencies have frequently been criticized by the Executive Branch, academicians and the courts as not attaining the degree of accuracy in their evaluations as is the case with Executive Branch agencies.
However there is a middle road as explained by FTC Commissioner Maureen K. Ohlhausen in an article in the Journal of Antitrust Enforcement, (2013), pp. 1–24 namely to adopt the guiding principles in Executive Order 12866 and apply them to FTC proceedings.